Scientific Research Laboratory
Priority tasks:
- Facilitate the implementation of scientific and technical programs and projects, including fundamental and applied research in priority areas of scientific and technological development, and assist in the preparation of master's and doctoral dissertations in the relevant scientific fields;
- Dissemination of new knowledge and technologies;
- Engagement of students, master’s, doctoral students, and young scientists in R&D activities;
- Conduct joint scientific research with domestic and foreign universities and research centers;
- Create conditions for the commercialization of scientific and (or) technical research results to attract investment into high-tech sectors;
- Promote the development of public-private partnership mechanisms;
- Efficient use of instruments and equipment for solving scientific and technical tasks;
- Participation in international scientific and technical activities.
We hope that the joint use of the capabilities of the SRL will allow consolidating the efforts of Kazakhstani researchers to solve urgent modern problems using modern technologies in the field of medicine and biology.
+7 7212 503930, int. 1203
SCIENTIFIC PROJECTS
The research team evaluated the performance of the in silico machine learning algorithm on combined data from South America and Kazakhstan, and also trained their own ML models in order to distinguish samples with SARS-CoV-2. The potential of MALDI MS as an innovative diagnostic tool for determining various ARI is emphasized, as well as the need for additional optimization and validation of the MALDI MS/ML method before its introduction into routine clinical practice, taking into account the changing epidemiological situation.
- Kadyrova I, Yegorov S, Negmetzhanov B, Kolesnikova Y, Kolesnichenko S, Korshukov I, et al. (2022) High SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in Karaganda, Kazakhstan before the launch of COVID-19 vaccination. PLoS ONE 17(7): e0272008. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0272008 (Scopus -87 процентиль, Q1)
- Kadyrova, I., Kolesnichenko, S., Korshukov, I., Kolesnikova, Y., Barkhanskaya, V., Lavrinenko, A., Babenko, D. (2023). SG-APSIC1053: Detection of SARS-COV-2 in nasopharyngeal swags with MALDI-TOF MS and machine learning. Antimicrobial Stewardship & Healthcare Epidemiology, 3(S1), S2-S3. doi:10.1017/ash.2023.9
- Yegorov S., Kadyrova I., et al «Application of MALDI MS and Machine Learning to Detection of SARS-CoV-2 and non-SARS-CoV-2 Respiratory Infections» находится на рецензировании в журнале PLOS One, опубликован препринт DOI: 10.1017/ash.2023.9
Project Relevance: The results of the project will improve the understanding of the immunopathogenesis of sepsis, which can contribute to the diagnosis and treatment of critical conditions in children.
Achieved Results: Sepsis with negative blood cultures is a risk factor for neonatal sepsis. The likelihood of a fatal outcome in clinical sepsis without culture confirmation is 2.97 times higher.
Newborns show a high level of immunity to COVID-19 (68.3%), with no recorded correlation with mortality.
Necrotizing enterocolitis (p = 0.001), pneumonia (p = 0.009), and anemia (p = 0.016) are significantly associated with negative sepsis outcomes.
Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) – 59%, *Klebsiella pneumoniae* – 14%, and *Enterococcus faecium* – 7% have become the priority causes of neonatal sepsis. Antibacterial drug sensitivity is characterized by a high level of resistance. All *S. epidermidis* strains were resistant to penicillin, with 55% being MRSE.
The identified *S. epidermidis* pathogens had a high level of virulence factor genes (up to 94.5%). *sspA*, *gehD*, and *nuc* were associated with low birth weight, MRSA was linked to cesarean delivery, and *lip* and *nuc* were associated with prior maternal infections.
The level of CD14 expression on monocytes and PD-1 on CD4 lymphocytes is associated with the development of neonatal sepsis.
PD-L1 expression on CD8+ T cells and a decrease in CD8+ lymphocytes are prognostically unfavorable factors in neonatal sepsis and are closely associated with mortality.
Interleukin-6, Interleukin-17, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, and sCD40 are associated with sepsis and can serve as diagnostic markers.
MCP-1 and sCD40 require further investigation concerning their association with mortality from sepsis.
- Akhmaltdinova L., Zhumadilova Zh, , Kolesnichenko S. ,Lavrinenko A. , V. Avdienko O. , Panibratec G., Kadyrova I., Vinogradskaya Ye. The Presence of PDL-1 on CD8+ Lymphocytes Is Linked to Survival in Neonatal Sepsis // Children. – 2022. – Vol.9.-P.1171-1180.
- Svetlana I Kolesnichenko , Irina A Kadyrova, Alyona V Lavrinenko , Zhibek A Zhumadilova , Olga V Avdienko, Yelena V Vinogradskaya, Yevgeniy A Fominykh, Lyudmila G Panibratec, Lyudmila L Akhmaltdinova, Mortality Risk Factors of Early Neonatal Sepsis During COVID-19 Pandemic // Infection and Drug Resistance.-2022.- Vol. 15 https://doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S390723
- Kolensnichenko S.I., Lavrinenko A.V., Kadyrova I.A., Avdienko O.V., Zhumadilova Zh.A., Akhmaltdinova L.L. Factors Influencing Unfavorable Sepsis Outcomes in Children. Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 2022. Vol. 24. No. S1. P. 18. (VAK)
Relevance of the Immunological Part of the Project: This work will enable a more prompt response to new respiratory infections, including coronavirus infection, as well as improve the understanding of how these diseases affect the immune system.
Conclusions of the Immunological Part of the Project:
- A high level of humoral immunity to COVID-19 was recorded within 6 months post-infection. IgA is more closely associated with the severity of the disease at early stages, while neutralizing antibodies are prominent in the later periods after infection.
- For the first time, it was found that TREM-1 levels > 59.08 pg/ml and NRL levels > 2.29 are predictors of short-term mortality after COVID-19 (30 days), while TREM-1 levels > 47.34 pg/ml are associated with long-term (180 days) mortality. Additionally, PD-L1 plasma levels above 277.13 pg/ml predict an increased risk of one-year mortality after COVID-19.
- An increase in antibodies to heparin-associated platelet factor-4 was observed in patients after severe pneumonia, which is a predictor of platelet complications.
- Patients showed a high background level of seropositivity to latent chronic infections, and in later stages, there was an increase in antibodies to EBV, which may exacerbate post-COVID immune-mediated reactions and serve as a trigger for post-COVID syndrome.
- Yegorov S.,Kadyrova I.,Negmetzhanov B.,Kolesnikova Ye.,Kolesnichenko S. Et al. Sputnik-V reactogenicity and immunogenicity in the blood and mucosa: a prospective cohort study Scientific Reports . – 2022. – volume 12, Article number: 13207 (2022)
- Kadyrova I., Yegorov S., Negmetzhanov B, Kolesnikova Ye, Kolesnichenko S, Korshukov I, Akhmaltdinova L, Vazenmiller D, Stupina Ye et al. High SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in Karaganda, Kazakhstan before the launch of COVID-19 vaccination PLoS ONE . –volume 17(7)
- Turgunova L., Mekhantseva I., Akhmaltdinova L. et al. Association of TREM‐1 and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as Prognostic Markers in COVID-19 Short- and Long-Term Mortality Journal of Inflammation Research. 2023. Т. 16. С. 5807-5817.
- Yessenbayeva A, Apsalikov B, Massabayeva M, Kazymov M, Shakhanova A, Mussazhanova Z, Kadyrova I. et al. Biomarkers of immunothrombosis and polymorphisms of IL2, IL6, and IL10 genes as predictors of the severity of COVID-19 in a Kazakh population PLoS One. 2023 Jun 30;18(6):e0288139. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288139. PMID: 37390087; PMCID: PMC10313014.
- Turmukhambetova A, Yegorov S, Korshukov I, Barkhanskaya V, Kolesnichenko S, Klyuyev D, Zhumadilova Z, Pralieva A, Absaghit L, Belyaev R, Babenko D, Hortelano GH, Miller MS, Vazenmiller D, Kadyrova I.. The impact of Gam-COVID-Vac, an Adv5/Adv26 COVID-19 vaccine, on the biomarkers of endothelial function, coagulation and platelet activation. PLoS One. 2023 Oct 18;18(10):e0293074. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293074. PMID: 37851684; PMCID: PMC10584095
- Lavrinenko A, Kolesnichenko S, Kadyrova I, Turmukhambetova A, Akhmaltdinova L, Klyuyev D. Bacterial Co-Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance in Patients Hospitalized with Suspected or Confirmed COVID-19 Pneumonia in Kazakhstan. // Pathogens. 2023 Feb 23;12(3):370. doi: 10.3390/pathogens12030370. PMID: 36986292; PMCID: PMC10052929.
In modern clinical practice, there is no optimal empirical therapy for H. pylori infection, and the effectiveness of classical eradication therapy schemes is progressively decreasing. Kazakhstan is one of the countries with a high level of H. pylori infection, ranging from 67.5% to 92%. For this reason, the issue of prevention and eradication of HP infection is a pressing task, but this problem has not been studied in our country. As a result of this research, data will be obtained on the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of classical culture and molecular genetic methods in the diagnosis of H. pylori. Data on H. pylori identification via MALDI-TOF with the creation of local libraries will also be collected. For the first time, we will try to determine the regional characteristics of H. pylori genotypes in Kazakhstan.
Currently, H. pylori is being detected using classical microbiological methods of cultivation and identification, as well as determining sensitivity to antimicrobial agents based at the Scientific Research Institute of Infectious Diseases at Kazakh Medical University (KMU).
As part of the project, a successful presentation on "The Burden of Helicobacter pylori Infections and the Problem of Antibiotic Resistance in Eradication Therapy" was given at the III Annual Conference on Infectious Diseases "Pokrovsky Readings" in Moscow on October 30-31, and a thesis was published in the conference proceedings:
The Burden of Bacterial Infections and the Problem of Antibiotic Resistance, Proceedings of the III Annual Conference on Infectious Diseases "Pokrovsky Readings," October 30-31, 2023, Moscow. – Moscow: Medical Marketing Agency, 2023. – 92 pages. ISBN 978-5-6048391-1-9
